% This BibTeX 0.99 style file is intended for documents that use the % author-date citation system. It should be used in conjunction with the % authordate1-4.sty (or equivalent) LaTeX style-option. % % In deciding on the bibliography layout to be implemented, the following % works have been consulted: % 1. British Standard 5605: "Citing publications by bibliographic % references", 1978. % 2. British Standard 1629: "Bibliographic references", 1976. % (Note: There is now a 1989 edition.) % 3. "Copy-editing" by Judith Butcher, Cambridge University Press, 1981. % 4. "The Oxford Dictionary for Writers and Editors", Oxford University % Press, 1981 (for abbreviations). % 5. "The Chicago Manual of Style", Chicago University Press, 1982. % % Discretion has been used in certain matters. In particular: % - Titles are italic except when there is a "contribution title" and % a "main publication title", in which case the "contribution title" % is roman while the "main publication title" is italic. % - When there is a PUBLISHER, it is assumed that ADDRESS contains "place of % publication"; output is of the form "place-of-publication: publisher". % When there is an ORGANIZATION as well as a PUBLISHER, output is of the % form "place-of-publication: publisher, for organization". Otherwise, % it is assumed that ADDRESS is a postal address, and output is of the % form "institution, address", "organization, address", "school, address" % or "howpublished, address". % - If there is a MONTH but no VOLUME or NUMBER for a journal-article, the % MONTH is used on the assumption that it contains information that is % equivalent to VOLUME or NUMBER. MONTH is ignored for other documents % that have a PUBLISHER, but output after YEAR for anything else. % - When CHAPTER and/or PAGES are specified with INBOOK, it is assumed that % these fields are being used to pick out particular pages of interest % (as an alternative to using the optional [...] argument of \cite); % the information is put at the very end of the entry, in line with BS 1629. % When CHAPTER and/or PAGES are specified for INCOLLECTION or INPROCEEDINGS, % it is assumed that the fields are being used to specify the location of % the part/article of interest; the information is put before the % BOOKTITLE, in line with Chicago's treatment of "parts" and "chapters". % - Since "volume" can be used in various ways (see page 219 of Butcher), % this file assumes that, when there is a SERIES, any VOLUME and NUMBER % refer to position in the SERIES (i.e. Butcher's meaning 4). % If there is a VOLUME but no SERIES, it is assumed that VOLUME refers % to a volume within a particular work (i.e. Butcher's meaning 1, 2 or 3). % For INPROCEEDINGS and INCOLLECTION, this information goes after the % BOOKTITLE. (If you prefer to have volume information before EDITOR, % as on page 449 of Chicago, you can set TYPE = "Vol." with INCOLLECTION.) % % This file differs from authordate1.bst, authordate2.bst and authordate3.bst % in that: % - Titles of articles, journals and books are "downstyle". Apart from the % first character, and the first character following : and white space, % uppercase letters are converted to lowercase unless protected by {}. % - Author's and editor's names are in small capitals. % % The combination of authordate4.bst and authordate1-4.sty allows citations % of the form \shortcite{bloggs-60} as well as the usual \cite{bloggs-60}. % When % ... \cite{bloggs-60} ... \shortcite{bloggs-60} ... % appears in the input file, % ... (Bloggs, 1960) ... (1960) ... % appears in the final document. % % This file was developed from apalike.bst. It also uses code taken from % acm.bst, aaai-named.bst, btxbst.doc, ieeetr.bst and siam.bst. % % David Rhead % Cripps Computing Centre % Nottingham University % March 1990 % ENTRY { address author booktitle chapter edition editor howpublished institution journal key month note number organization pages publisher school series title type volume year } {} { label extra.label sort.label } INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block } FUNCTION {init.state.consts} { #0 'before.all := #1 'mid.sentence := #2 'after.sentence := #3 'after.block := } STRINGS { s t } FUNCTION {output.nonnull} { 's := output.state mid.sentence = { ", " * write$ } { output.state after.block = { add.period$ write$ newline$ "\newblock " write$ } { output.state before.all = 'write$ { add.period$ " " * write$ } if$ } if$ mid.sentence 'output.state := } if$ s } FUNCTION {output} { duplicate$ empty$ 'pop$ 'output.nonnull if$ } FUNCTION {output.check} { 't := duplicate$ empty$ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ } 'output.nonnull if$ } FUNCTION {output.year.month.check} { year empty$ { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ } { add.period$ write$ month empty$ { " " year * extra.label * "." * after.sentence 'output.state := } { " " year * extra.label * " (" * month * ")." * after.sentence 'output.state := } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {output.year.check} { year empty$ { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$ } { add.period$ write$ " " year * extra.label * "." * after.sentence 'output.state := } if$ } FUNCTION {output.bibitem} { newline$ "\bibitem[" write$ label write$ "]{" write$ cite$ write$ "}" write$ newline$ "" before.all 'output.state := } FUNCTION {fin.entry} { add.period$ write$ newline$ } FUNCTION {new.block} { output.state before.all = 'skip$ { after.block 'output.state := } if$ } FUNCTION {new.sentence} { output.state after.block = 'skip$ { output.state before.all = 'skip$ { after.sentence 'output.state := } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {not} { { #0 } { #1 } if$ } FUNCTION {and} { 'skip$ { pop$ #0 } if$ } FUNCTION {or} { { pop$ #1 } 'skip$ if$ } FUNCTION {new.block.checkb} { empty$ swap$ empty$ and 'skip$ 'new.block if$ } FUNCTION {field.or.null} { duplicate$ empty$ { pop$ "" } 'skip$ if$ } FUNCTION {boldface} { duplicate$ empty$ { pop$ "" } { "{\bf " swap$ * "}" * } if$ } FUNCTION {emphasize} { duplicate$ empty$ { pop$ "" } { "{\em " swap$ * "}" * } if$ } INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames } FUNCTION {format.names} { 's := #1 'nameptr := s num.names$ 'numnames := numnames 'namesleft := { namesleft #0 > } { s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}{, jj}{, ff}" format.name$ 't := nameptr #1 > { namesleft #1 > { ", " * t * } { t "others" = { ", {\em et~al.}" * } { ", \& " * t * } % Butcher, pages if$ % 186-189. } if$ } 't if$ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := } while$ } FUNCTION {format.authors} { author empty$ { "" } % Small capitals { "{\sc " * author format.names "}" * } % for if$ % authordate3.bst } % and % authordate4.bst. FUNCTION {format.key} { empty$ { "{\sc " * key field.or.null "}" * } % Small capitals. { "" } if$ } FUNCTION {format.editors} { editor empty$ { "" } % Small capitals. { "{\sc " * editor format.names "}" * editor num.names$ #1 > % Use ODWE abbrevs. { " (eds)" * } % to avoid { " (ed)" * } % ambiguity between if$ % "editor" and } % "edition". if$ } FUNCTION {format.title} % Howells example { title empty$ % in BS 5605 comes { "" } % out wrong because { title "t" change.case$ } % Patashnik if$ % capitalizes } % after a colon. FUNCTION {n.dashify} { 't := "" { t empty$ not } { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = { t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not { "--" * t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := } { { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = } { "-" * t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := } while$ } if$ } { t #1 #1 substring$ * t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := } if$ } while$ } FUNCTION {format.btitle} { title empty$ { "" } { title "t" change.case$ emphasize } if$ } FUNCTION {tie.or.space.connect} { duplicate$ text.length$ #3 < { "~" } { " " } if$ swap$ * * } FUNCTION {either.or.check} { empty$ 'pop$ { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ } if$ } INTEGERS { multiresult } FUNCTION {multi.page.check} { 't := #0 'multiresult := { multiresult not t empty$ not and } { t #1 #1 substring$ duplicate$ "-" = swap$ duplicate$ "," = swap$ "+" = or or { #1 'multiresult := } { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := } if$ } while$ multiresult } FUNCTION {format.numberinseries} { number empty$ { "" } { number multi.page.check { ", nos. " number n.dashify tie.or.space.connect } { ", no. " number tie.or.space.connect } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {booklike.series.volume.number} % Chicago, pages { series empty$ % 450-451. { volume empty$ { " " } { " Vol. " volume * } if$ } { volume empty$ { number empty$ { series } { series format.numberinseries * } if$ } { number empty$ { series ", vol. " volume * * } { series ", vol. " * volume * format.numberinseries * } if$ } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {incollectionlike.series.volume.number} { series empty$ { volume empty$ { " " } { " vol. " volume * } if$ } { new.block volume empty$ { number empty$ { series } { series format.numberinseries * } if$ } { number empty$ { series ", vol. " volume * * } { series ", vol. " * volume * format.numberinseries * } if$ } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.edition} { edition empty$ { "" } { output.state mid.sentence = { edition "l" change.case$ " edn." * } { edition "t" change.case$ " edn." * } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.pages} { pages empty$ { "" } { pages multi.page.check { "" pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect } { "" pages tie.or.space.connect } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.pagesinbook} % By the time the { pages empty$ % reader has read { "" } % address, pub'r, { pages multi.page.check % note (where the { "Pages " pages n.dashify tie.or.space.connect } % note may end with { "Page " pages tie.or.space.connect } % numbers), s/he if$ % may not recognise } % a number-range as if$ % meaning pages. } % Avoid ambiguity % (Butcher, p.181). FUNCTION {format.vol.num.date.pages} { volume empty$ { month empty$ { "" } { month } if$ } { volume boldface field.or.null number empty$ { month empty$ 'skip$ { "(" month * ")" * * } if$ } { "(" number * ")" * * volume empty$ { "there's a number but no volume in " cite$ * warning$ } 'skip$ if$ } if$ } if$ pages empty$ 'skip$ { duplicate$ empty$ { pop$ format.pages } { ", " * pages n.dashify * } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages.inbook} { chapter empty$ 'format.pagesinbook { type empty$ { "Chap." } { type } if$ chapter tie.or.space.connect pages empty$ 'skip$ { ", " * format.pagesinbook "l" change.case$ * } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.chapter.pages.incoll} { chapter empty$ { pages empty$ { "{\em In:} " } { "{\em " format.pagesinbook " of:} " * * } if$ } { type empty$ { "{\em Chap. " chapter * } { "{\em " type * " " * chapter * } if$ pages empty$ { " of:} " * } { ", " * format.pagesinbook "l" change.case$ " of:} " * * } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.in.ed.booktitle} % Achieves effect { booktitle empty$ % shown in 16.51 { "" } % of Chicago, at { editor empty$ % expense of not { format.chapter.pages.incoll % achieving effects booktitle "t" change.case$ emphasize * } % shown in 16.50 { format.chapter.pages.incoll % of Chicago, on format.editors * ", " * % page 189 of booktitle "t" change.case$ emphasize * } % Butcher and in if$ % 4.4 of BS 1629. } if$ } FUNCTION {format.thesis.type} { type empty$ 'skip$ { pop$ type "t" change.case$ } if$ } FUNCTION {format.tr.number} { type empty$ { "Tech. rept." } % ODWE abbrevs. 'type if$ number empty$ { "t" change.case$ } { number tie.or.space.connect } if$ } FUNCTION {format.addr.pub} { publisher empty$ { "" } { address empty$ { "" } { address ": " * } if$ publisher * } if$ } FUNCTION {format.addr.pub.org} % If there's an { address empty$ % an organization { publisher * ", for " * organization * } % and a publisher { address ": " * publisher * ", for " * organization * } % too. if$ } FUNCTION {format.addr.inst} { address empty$ { institution empty$ { "" } { institution } if$ } { institution empty$ { "" } { institution ", " * } if$ address * } if$ } FUNCTION {format.addr.org} { address empty$ { organization empty$ { "" } { organization } if$ } { organization empty$ { "" } { organization ", " * } if$ address * } if$ } FUNCTION {format.article.crossref} { "{\em In:}" " \cite{" * crossref * "}" * } FUNCTION {format.book.crossref} { volume empty$ { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$ "{\em In:}" } { " Vol." volume tie.or.space.connect " of " * } if$ "\cite{" * crossref * "}" * } FUNCTION {format.incoll.inproc.crossref} { "{\em In:}" " \cite{" * crossref * "}" * } FUNCTION {article} { output.bibitem format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output output.year.check new.block format.title "title" output.check new.block crossref missing$ { journal "t" change.case$ emphasize "journal" output.check format.vol.num.date.pages output } { format.article.crossref output.nonnull format.pages output } if$ new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {book} { output.bibitem author empty$ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check editor format.key output } { format.authors output.nonnull crossref missing$ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check } 'skip$ if$ } if$ output.year.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check crossref missing$ { new.sentence format.edition output new.block booklike.series.volume.number output new.block format.addr.pub "publisher" output.check } { new.block format.book.crossref output.nonnull } if$ new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {booklet} { output.bibitem format.authors output author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.block howpublished output address output new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {inbook} { output.bibitem author empty$ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check editor format.key output } { format.authors output.nonnull crossref missing$ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check } 'skip$ if$ } if$ output.year.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check crossref missing$ { new.sentence format.edition output new.block booklike.series.volume.number output new.block format.addr.pub "publisher" output.check } { new.block format.book.crossref output.nonnull } if$ new.block note output new.block % BS 1629 (rather format.chapter.pages.inbook "chapter and pages" output.check fin.entry % than Chicago, } % p. 451) FUNCTION {incollection} { output.bibitem author empty$ { format.editors "editor" output.check editor format.key output } { format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output } if$ output.year.check new.block format.title "title" output.check new.block crossref missing$ % Chapter and/or { format.in.ed.booktitle output % page numbers can format.edition output % come out via this incollectionlike.series.volume.number output % route, too. new.block format.addr.pub "publisher" output.check } { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull new.block } if$ new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {inproceedings} { output.bibitem format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output publisher empty$ { output.year.month.check } { output.year.check } if$ new.block format.title "title" output.check new.block crossref missing$ { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check incollectionlike.series.volume.number output new.block publisher empty$ { organization empty$ 'skip$ { format.addr.org output } if$ } { organization empty$ { format.addr.pub output } { format.addr.pub.org output } if$ } if$ } { format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull } if$ new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {conference} { inproceedings } FUNCTION {manual} { output.bibitem format.authors output author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.sentence format.edition output new.block organization address new.block.checkb format.addr.org output new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {mastersthesis} { output.bibitem format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.block "M.Phil. thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull % ODWE abbrev. school "school" output.check address output new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {misc} { output.bibitem format.authors output author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle output new.block howpublished output new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {phdthesis} { output.bibitem format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.block "Ph.D. thesis" format.thesis.type output.nonnull % Butcher, school "school" output.check % page 174. address output new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {proceedings} { output.bibitem format.editors "author and editor" output.check editor format.key output publisher empty$ { output.year.month.check } { output.year.check } if$ new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.block booklike.series.volume.number output new.block publisher empty$ { organization empty$ 'skip$ { format.addr.org output } if$ } { organization empty$ { format.addr.pub output } { format.addr.pub.org output } if$ } if$ new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {techreport} { output.bibitem format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.block format.tr.number output.nonnull new.sentence format.addr.inst "institution" output.check new.block note output fin.entry } FUNCTION {unpublished} { output.bibitem format.authors "author" output.check author format.key output output.year.month.check new.block format.btitle "title" output.check new.block note "note" output.check fin.entry } FUNCTION {default.type} { misc } MACRO {jan} {"Jan."} % ODWE, "months", & % Chicago, p. 383. MACRO {feb} {"Feb."} MACRO {mar} {"Mar."} MACRO {apr} {"Apr."} MACRO {may} {"May"} MACRO {jun} {"June"} MACRO {jul} {"July"} MACRO {aug} {"Aug."} MACRO {sep} {"Sept."} MACRO {oct} {"Oct."} MACRO {nov} {"Nov."} MACRO {dec} {"Dec."} MACRO {acmcs} {"ACM Computing Surveys"} MACRO {acta} {"Acta Informatica"} MACRO {cacm} {"Communications of the ACM"} MACRO {ibmjrd} {"IBM Journal of Research and Development"} MACRO {ibmsj} {"IBM Systems Journal"} MACRO {ieeese} {"IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering"} MACRO {ieeetc} {"IEEE Transactions on Computers"} MACRO {ieeetcad} {"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits"} MACRO {ipl} {"Information Processing Letters"} MACRO {jacm} {"Journal of the ACM"} MACRO {jcss} {"Journal of Computer and System Sciences"} MACRO {scp} {"Science of Computer Programming"} MACRO {sicomp} {"SIAM Journal on Computing"} MACRO {tocs} {"ACM Transactions on Computer Systems"} MACRO {tods} {"ACM Transactions on Database Systems"} MACRO {tog} {"ACM Transactions on Graphics"} MACRO {toms} {"ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software"} MACRO {toois} {"ACM Transactions on Office Information Systems"} MACRO {toplas} {"ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems"} MACRO {tcs} {"Theoretical Computer Science"} READ FUNCTION {sortify} { purify$ "l" change.case$ } INTEGERS { len } FUNCTION {chop.word} { 's := 'len := s #1 len substring$ = { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ } 's if$ } FUNCTION {format.lab.names} { 's := s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ s num.names$ duplicate$ #2 > { pop$ " {\em et~al.}" * } { #2 < 'skip$ { s #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" = { " {\em et~al.}" * } { " \& " * s #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * } if$ } if$ } if$ } FUNCTION {author.key.label} { author empty$ { key empty$ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ } 'key if$ } { author format.lab.names } if$ } FUNCTION {author.editor.key.label} { author empty$ { editor empty$ { key empty$ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ } 'key if$ } { editor format.lab.names } if$ } { author format.lab.names } if$ } FUNCTION {editor.key.label} { editor empty$ { key empty$ { cite$ #1 #3 substring$ } 'key if$ } { editor format.lab.names } if$ } FUNCTION {calc.label} { type$ "book" = type$ "inbook" = type$ "incollection" = % For sensible or or % treatment of 'author.editor.key.label % Singer in { type$ "proceedings" = % BS 1629. 'editor.key.label 'author.key.label if$ } if$ duplicate$ year empty$ { "\protect\citename{" swap$ * ", }" * "n.d." * 'label := % Chicago, } % page 457. { "\protect\citename{" swap$ * ", }" * year * 'label := } if$ year field.or.null purify$ * sortify 'sort.label := } FUNCTION {sort.format.names} % To produce the { 's := % order of entries #1 'nameptr := % specified in item "" % (3) on page 187 s num.names$ 'numnames := % of Butcher. numnames 'namesleft := { namesleft #0 > nameptr #3 < and } % Only 1st 2 names { nameptr #1 > % matter for { " " * } % sorting. 'skip$ if$ % Anything that's nameptr #2 = numnames #2 > and % "et al" goes { "zzzzz" * } % after works by 2 { % authors. s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ ff{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't := nameptr numnames = t "others" = and { "zzzzz" * } { t sortify * } if$ } if$ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := } while$ } FUNCTION {sort.format.title} { 't := "A " #2 "An " #3 "The " #4 t chop.word chop.word chop.word sortify #1 global.max$ substring$ } FUNCTION {author.sort} { author empty$ { key empty$ { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$ "" } { key sortify } if$ } { author sort.format.names } if$ } FUNCTION {author.editor.sort} { author empty$ { editor empty$ { key empty$ { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$ "" } { key sortify } if$ } { editor sort.format.names } if$ } { author sort.format.names } if$ } FUNCTION {editor.sort} { editor empty$ { key empty$ { "to sort, need editor or key in " cite$ * warning$ "" } { key sortify } if$ } { editor sort.format.names } if$ } FUNCTION {presort} % Two sorting { calc.label % passes, from label sortify % apalike.bst. " " * type$ "book" = type$ "inbook" = type$ "incollection" = % For Singer or or % in BS 1629. 'author.editor.sort { type$ "proceedings" = 'editor.sort 'author.sort if$ } if$ #1 entry.max$ substring$ 'sort.label := sort.label * " " * title field.or.null sort.format.title * #1 entry.max$ substring$ 'sort.key$ := } ITERATE {presort} SORT STRINGS { last.label next.extra } INTEGERS { last.extra.num } FUNCTION {initialize.extra.label.stuff} { #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label := "" 'next.extra := #0 'last.extra.num := } FUNCTION {forward.pass} { last.label label = { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num := last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label := } { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num := "" 'extra.label := label 'last.label := } if$ } FUNCTION {reverse.pass} { next.extra "b" = { "a" 'extra.label := } 'skip$ if$ % Code needed here % if \citeauthor % and \citeyear label extra.label * 'label := % were supported. extra.label 'next.extra := } EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff} ITERATE {forward.pass} REVERSE {reverse.pass} FUNCTION {bib.sort.order} { sort.label " " * year field.or.null sortify * " " * title field.or.null sort.format.title * #1 entry.max$ substring$ 'sort.key$ := } ITERATE {bib.sort.order} SORT FUNCTION {begin.bib} { preamble$ empty$ 'skip$ { preamble$ write$ newline$ } if$ "\begin{thebibliography}{}" write$ newline$ } EXECUTE {begin.bib} EXECUTE {init.state.consts} ITERATE {call.type$} FUNCTION {end.bib} { newline$ "\end{thebibliography}" write$ newline$ } EXECUTE {end.bib}